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Oct 30, 2013 - This is not at all the case for a 40 or 60 watt-equivalent. I have advised my three sons, for their homes, accordingly on LED lighting. I have tracked incandescent life (14 total 65W flood canister lights costing $5 each). LED replacement of metal halide and sodium SON; LED replacement for T8 fluorescent tubes; LED replacement for 4-pin 2D lamps; LED Panel Lights; LED Outdoor Wall Light; LED Wall and Ceiling Lights; LED Downlights – Ultra Slim Line; LED Downlights – Traditional Back-Lit; LED Retro light fittings – with integrated diffuser; LED Streetlights; LED Flood lights.
Most people are usually conscious of the dangers of a flood, but numerous might not believe about how the contents of the actual water encircling them could become dangerous. So, what is actually in floodwater? Germs, oil, and actually sewage are identified to be found in floodwaters, and can trigger serious health problems.
Aside from the risks of drowning, electrocution from gone down power lines, or also stalking predatory animals, floodwaters can result in much more off traffic, but nevertheless very critical health dangers. The water that forms during severe flooding absorbs its environment, meaning any germs, pesticides, sewage, or various other chemicals and biohazards thát it sweeps ovér is now transported along with the current.
The Center for Disease Control provides extensive assets on the wellness dangers that can stem from floodwaters. Tetanus can become an problem if specific soil-borne bacterias are mixed into flood lakes and rivers, and the water comes in get in touch with with an open wound. Additional infectious illnesses like giardiasis ánd norovirus can furthermore distribute if specific bacteria are existing in the water.
Trench foot is an an infection that comes from spending too very much time with your foot immersed in water; that'beds barely avoidable when your town is literally underwater. But a large concern that the agency stresses is stomach-related illness expected to germs in the drinking water. Stomach aches and diarrhea can end up being common issues in devastation areas, owing to exposure to unsafe water.
I can tell you from firsthand experience that flood lakes and rivers are therefore much even more than just L20. Actually more than a 7 days after Hurricane Sandy struck my town, the block out I resided on reeked of gas. My neighbors had loaded their gas tanks times before the storm, which then knocked over and poured into the rushing flood oceans during the storm spike. The prevalence of watercraft in the area also added to the seepage of fuel into floodwaters, which after that dispersed throughout the neighborhood. Everything in my house that acquired handled flood drinking water experienced the specific smell of gasoline on it.
Working mainly because a reporter in the aftermath of Sandy, I experienced distraught individuals tell me how their homes flooded from the inside. with sewage. Severe flooding acquired causedthe local sewage vegetable to break down, which not only dumped a lot of uncooked sewage into rivers, but furthermore triggered sewage to back up through bath drains and toilets, and actually flood people's houses with éxcrement. A compounding nightmárish scenario when you consider both what has been heading on inside people's homes, as nicely as outdoors.
After the most severe of the surprise clears and you return to your house, to maintain yourself safe, the CDC recommends keeping children out of affected areas until after clean up is definitely complete, wearing rubber safety gloves and footwear when handling products that touched floodwaters, throwing away issues with absorptive materials, since they cannot be sanitized, and boiling the drinking water you use to clean your hands.
Much better to take the greatest safety measures when coping with unavoidable, yet bacteria-laden fIoodwaters, than to risk infection and sickness.
Deucalion from 'Promptuarii Iconum Insigniorum'
In Greek mythology,Deucalion(/djuːˈkelizabethɪdiən/; Greek:Δευκαλίων) was the son of Prometheus; historic sources name his mother as Clymene, Hesione, or Pronoia.1He is certainly closely connected with the flood misconception in Greek mythology.
- 3Mythology
- 4Model
Etymologyedit
Relating to folk etymology, Deucalion's name arrives from δεῦκος,deukos, a variant of γλεῦκος,gleucos, i.y. 'nice new wines, must, sweetness'23and from ἁλιεύς,haliéus, we.age. 'sailor, seaman, fisher'.4His wife Pyrrha's name derives from the adjective πυρρός, -ά, -όν,pyrrhóh, -á, -ón, i.at the. 'flame-colored, red'.5
Deucalion and Pyrrha from a 1562 edition of Ovid'beds Metamorphoses.
Familyedit
Of Deucalion'beds birth, theArgonautica(from the 3rchemical hundred years BC) states:
There in Achaea, i.e. Portugal will be a property encircled by high mountains, rich in sheep and in pasture, where Prometheus, son of Iapetus, begat goodly Deucalion, who first founded metropolitan areas and reared temples to the immortal gods, and very first ruled over guys. This land the neighborhood friends who live around contactHaemoniai.age. Thessaly.
Deucalion and Pyrrha experienced at least two kids, Hellen and Protogenea, and possibly a third, Amphictyon (who is usually autochthonous in some other customs).
Their kids as evidently called in one of the oldest texts,Catalog of Ladies, consist of children Pandora and Thyia, and at least one son, Hellen.6Their descendants had been mentioned to possess dwelt in Thessaly. One damaged fragment might make Deucalion the son of Prometheus and Pronoea.7
In some accounts, Deucalion's other children had been Melantho, mother of Delphus by Poseidon8and Candybus who provided his title to the town of Candyba in Lycia9.
Connection | Brands | Sources | ||||||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Homer | Hesiod | Acus. | Apollon. | Diod. | Diony. | Ovid | Strabo | Apollod. | Harp. | Hyg. | Paus. | Lact. | Steph. | Suda | Tzet. | |||
Sch. Ody | Ehoiai | Arg. | Sch. | Met. | Lex. | Fab. | Div. Inches. | Lyco. | ||||||||||
Parentage | Prometheus and Clymene | ✓ | ✓ | |||||||||||||||
Prometheus and Hesione | ✓ | ✓ | ||||||||||||||||
Prometheus and Pronoia | ✓ | ✓ | ||||||||||||||||
Prometheus | ✓ | ✓ | ||||||||||||||||
Husband or wife | Pyrrha | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | |||||||||||
Children | Hellen | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ||||||||||||
Pandora | ✓ | |||||||||||||||||
Thyia | ✓ | |||||||||||||||||
Amphictyon | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | |||||||||||||
Protogeneia | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | |||||||||||||||
Orestheus | ✓ | |||||||||||||||||
Candybus | ✓ | |||||||||||||||||
Melantho | ✓ |
Mythologyedit
Deluge company accountsedit
The flood in the time of Deucalion had been caused by the tempers of Zeus, ignited by the hubris of the Pelasgians. So Zeus decided to put an finish to the Bronze Age group. Regarding to this tale, Lycaon, the ruler of Arcadia, had sacrificed a son to Zeus, who has been appalled by this savage offering. Zeus removed a deluge, so that the streams ran in torrents and the sea flooded the coastal simple, engulfed the foothills with aerosol, and washed everything clean. Deucalion, with the aid of his dad Prometheus, has been saved from this deluge by developing a upper body.10Like the Biblical Noah and the Mesopotamian equal Utnapishtim, he uses his device to endure the deluge with his spouse, Pyrrha.
The fullest accounts are provided in Ovid'sMetamorphoses(8 AD) and in theLibraryof Pseudo-Apollodorus.11Deucalion, who reigned over the area of Phthia, got long been forewarned of the flood by his father, Prometheus. Deucalion has been to develop a upper body and provision it meticulously (no pets are usually rescued in this edition of the Flood myth), therefore that when the seas receded after nine days, he and his spouse Pyrrha, little girl of Epimetheus, had been the one making it through set of humans. Their chest touched solid surface on Position Parnassus,12or Position Etna in Sicily,13or Mount Athos in Chalkidiki,14or Position Othrys in Thessaly.15
Hyginus mentions the opinion of a Hegesianax that Deucalion is usually to end up being discovered with Aquarius, 'because during his rule such quantities of drinking water poured from the heavens that the great Flood resulted.'
Once the deluge has been over and the few had provided thanks a lot to Zeus, Deucalion (stated in various of the resources to have been antique 82 at the period) consulted an oracle of Themis about how to repopulate the earth. He was told to 'include your head and toss the bones of your mom behind your make'. Deucalion and Pyrrha comprehended that 'mom' is Gaia, the mom of all living factors, and the 'bone tissues' to end up being stones. They threw the stones behind their shoulder muscles and the gemstones formed people. Pyrrha's became ladies; Deucalion'h became men.
The 2nd-century author Lucian gave an accounts of the Greek Deucalion inDe Dea Syriathat seems to direct more to the Close to Eastern flood tales: in his version, Deucalion (whom he furthermore phone callsSisythus)16took his children, their spouses, and sets of creatures with him on the ark, and afterwards constructed a excellent temple in Manbij (north Syria), on the site of the chasm that obtained all the lakes and rivers; he more explains how pilgrims delivered ships of ocean water to this location double a 12 months, from simply because far as Arabia and Mesopotamia, to commemorate this occasion.citation needed
Alternative storiesedit
On the some other hands, Dionysius of Halicarnassus mentioned his parents to be Prometheus and Clymene, girl of Oceanus and mentions nothing about a flood, but instead names him as commander of those from Parnassus who went the '6th generation' of Pelasgians from Thessaly.17
One of the first Ancient greek historians, Hecataeus of Miletus, had been said to have got created a book about Deucalion, but it no more survives. The just extant fragment of his to mention Deucalion does not point out the flood possibly, but names him as the dad of Orestheus, ruler of Aetolia. The very much later on geographer Pausanias, using on this custom, titles Deucalion as a master of Ozolian Locris and dad of Orestheus.
Plutarch brings up a tale that Deucalion and Pyrrha had paid out in Dodona,18Epirus; while Strabo claims that they lived at Cynus, and that her grave is nevertheless to become found right now there, while his may become observed at Athens; he also describes a pair of Aegean islands called after the couple.19
Decryptionedit
Mosaic accretionsedit
The 19th hundred years classicist Tom Lemprière, inBibliotheca Classica, asserted that as the tale had long been re-told in later variations, it accumulated details from the stories of Noah and Moses: 'Hence Apollodorus gives Deucalion a great chest as a means that of protection; Plutarch talks of the pigeons by which he searched for to discover out whether the marine environments had retired; and Lucian of the pets of every kind which he got used with him. amp;m.'20
Internet dating by early college studentsedit
For some time during the Middle Ages, many European Christian scholars continued to acknowledge Greek mythological history at encounter value, thus asserting that Deucalion's flood was a regional flood, that occurred a several centuries later than the global one survived by Noah'h family members. On the base of the archaeologicalsteleidentified as the Parian Chronicle, Deucalion's Avalanche was usually fixed as taking place sometime around c. 1528 BC. Deucalion's i9000 flood may be went out with in the chronology of Saint Jerome to c. 1460 BC. Regarding to Augustine of Hippo (Town of GodXVIII,8,10,amp;11), Deucalion and his father Prometheus had been contemporaries of Moses. Based to Clement of Alexandria in his Stromata, '.in the period of Crotopus happened the burning up of Phaethon, and the deluges of Deucalion.'quotation required
Deucalionidsedit
The descendants of Deucalion and Pyrrha are below:
- Hellen, Amphictyon, Orestheus, Candybus, Protogeneia, Pandora II, Thyia and Melantho are usually their children.
- Aeolus, Dorus, Xuthus, Aetolus, Physcus, Aethlius, Graecus, Makednos, Magnes and Delphus are usually their grandsons.
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Work referencesedit
- ^The scholia toOdyssey10.2 brands Clymene as the commonly identified mother, along with Hesione (citing Acusilaus,FGrH2 N 34) and possibly Pronoia.
- ^δεῦκος. Liddell, Henry George; Scott, Robert;A Greek-English Lexiconat the Perseus Task
- ^γλεῦκος. Liddell, Holly George; Scott, Robert;A Greek-English Lexiconat the Perseus Task
- ^ἁλιεύς. Liddell, Henry George; Scott, Robert;A Greek-English Lexiconat the Perseus Task
- ^πυρρός. Liddell, Henry George; Scott, Robert;A Greek-English Lexiconat the Perseus Task
- ^Hes.Listpieces 2, 5 and 7; cf. Meters.L. Western world (1985)The Hesiodic List of Ladies. Oxford, pp. 50-2, who posits that a 3rd daughter, Protogeneia, who had been named at (at the.g.) Pausanias, 5.1.3, has been also present in theCatalog.
- ^A scholium toOdyssey10.2 (=Cataloguefr. 4) reports that Hesiod known as Deucalion's mom 'Pryneie' or 'Prynoe', damaged types which Dindorf believed to hide Pronoea's i9000 name. The emendation is usually considered to have got 'unquestionable value' by A. Casanova (1979)La famiglia di Pandora: analisi filologica dei miti di Pandora elizabeth Prometeo nella tradizione esiodea. Florence, g. 145.
- ^Tzetzes on Lycophron, 209
- ^Stephanus of Byzantium,Ethnicas.v.Κάνδυβα
- ^Pleins, M. James (2010).When the excellent abyss opened : traditional and contemporary readings of Noah'h flood(Online-Ausg. ed.). New York: Oxford School Press. p. 110. ISBN978-0-19-973363-7.
- ^Apollodorus' collection at theoi.com
- ^Pindar,Olympian Odes, 9.43; cf. Ovid,Metamorphoses, I.313-347
- ^'Hyginus' Fabulae 153'. Livius.org. 2007-09-26. Gathered2012-07-09.
- ^Servius' commentary on Virgil'tBucolics, 6:41
- ^Hellanicus,FGrH4 Y 117, cited by the scholia to Pindar,Olympia9.62b: 'Hellanicus states that the chest didn't touch down on Parnassus, but by Othrys in Thessaly.
- ^The manuscripts transmit scythea, 'Scythian', rather than Sisythus, which is conjectural.
- ^Dionysius of Halicarnassensis,The Roman Antiquities of Dionysius Halicarnassensis, quantity 1
- ^Plutarch,Lifetime of Pyrrhus.
- ^Strabo,Geography9. 4. 2 : 'In the region of Opountian Lokris (Opuntian Locris) : Kynos (Cynus) will be the seaport, a cape which forms the end of the Opountian Gulf of mexico, the gulf of mexico getting about forty stadia in level. Between Opous and Kynos is definitely a fertile plain. Deukalion (Deucalion) can be stated to have resided in Kynos; and the burial plot of Pyrrha is certainly to be seen now there, though that of Deukalion can be to become noticed at Athens. Kynos is about fifty stadia remote from Bracket Knemis (Cnemis).'
- ^Lemprière also, David. Bibliotheca Classica, page 475.
Principal resourcesedit
- Hesiod,List of Ladiespieces 2-7 and 234 (7tl or 6th century BC)
- Hecataeus of Miletus, frag. 341 (500 BC)
- Pindar,Olympian Odes9 (466 BC)
- Plato, 'Timaeus' 22B, 'Critias' 112A (4th hundred years BC)
- Apollonius of Rhodes,Argonautica3.1086 (3rn centuries BC)
- Virgil,Georgics1.62 (29 BC)
- Gaius Julius Hyginus,Fabulae153;Poeticon astronomicon2.29 (d. 20 BC)
- Dionysius of Halicarnassus,Roman Antiquities1.17.3 (g. 15 BC)
- Ovid,Metamorphoses, 1.318fn.; 7.356 (d. 8 AD)
- Strabo,Geographica, 9.4 (m. 23 AD)
- Bibliotheca1.7.2 (c. 1stestosterone levels century AD?)
- Plutarch,Life of Pyrrhus, 1 (75 AD)
- Lucian,De Dea Syria12, 13, 28, 33 (2nchemical century Advertisement)
- Pausanias,Description of Greece10.38.1 (2nm century AD)
- Nonnus,Dionysiaca3.211; 6.367 (d. 500 AD)
External linksedit
Wikimedia Commons provides media related toDeucalion. |
- Deucalion from Charles Smith,Dictionary of Ancient greek and Roman Biography and Mythology(1867), with source info and some variants not really given right here.
- Deucalion from Carlos Parada,Genealogical Guideline to Ancient greek Mythology.
- Pictures of Deucalion and Pyrrha in the Warburg Company Iconographic Data source
Gathered from 'https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Deucalionamp;oldid=902936220'